There are many kinds of reinforcing bars, which are usually classified according to chemical composition, production process, rolling shape, supply form, diameter and size, as well as the use in the structure. Here we mainly sort out the classification according to the use.

　　1.受力筋

　　1. force bar

　　指布置在梁或板的下部.承受拉力的那部分鋼筋及抗剪切的起彎筋.吊筋等。怎么樣區(qū)分板的受力筋跟分布筋？

　　Refers to the lower part of a beam or slab, the part of steel bars that bear tension and the shear-resistant bending bars, suspension bars, etc. How to distinguish the stress ribs from the distribution ribs?

　?。?）以板的開(kāi)間、進(jìn)深跨度區(qū)分：如果是單項(xiàng)板，那么平行于短跨方向的鋼筋是受力筋，平行于長(zhǎng)跨方向的鋼筋是架立筋。如果是雙向板，那么長(zhǎng)跨、短跨方向的鋼筋全部是受力筋。

　　(1) Distinguishing by the spans of the slabs: If it is a single slab, the steel bar parallel to the short span direction is the force bar, and the steel bar parallel to the long span direction is the erection bar. If it is a two-way slab, then the long-span and short-span direction of the reinforcement are all force bars.

　　（2）以鋼筋直徑上來(lái)區(qū)分：鋼筋的直徑大的為受力筋，直徑小的鋼筋為分布筋；

　　(2) Distinguishing by the diameter of reinforcing bars: the larger the diameter of reinforcing bars, the smaller the diameter of reinforcing bars, the distribution of reinforcing bars;

　　（3）以布置上來(lái)區(qū)分：正彎矩筋布置在下的鋼筋為受力筋，在之上垂直分布的鋼筋為分布筋，負(fù)彎矩筋（如懸挑板 ）相反，在下的鋼筋為分布筋，在之上的鋼筋為受力筋。

　　(3) Distinguish by layout: the steel bar with positive moment bar is the stress bar, the steel bar with vertical distribution is the distribution bar, the negative moment bar (such as cantilever plate) is the opposite, the steel bar with lower moment bar is the distribution bar, and the steel bar with upper moment bar is the stress bar.

　　2.分布筋

　　2. distributing tendons

　　出現(xiàn)在板中，布置在受力鋼筋的上部，與受力鋼筋垂直。作用是固定受力鋼筋的位置并將板上的荷載分散到受力鋼筋上，同時(shí)也能防止因混凝土的收縮和溫度變化等原因，在垂直于受力鋼筋方向產(chǎn)生的裂縫.屬于構(gòu)造鋼筋。（滿足構(gòu)造要求，對(duì)不易計(jì)算和沒(méi)有考慮進(jìn)去的各種因素，所設(shè)置的鋼筋為構(gòu)造鋼筋。）

　　Appears in the board, is arranged in the upper part of the stressed steel bar, and is perpendicular to the stressed steel bar. The function is to fix the position of the stressed steel bar and distribute the load on the slab to the stressed steel bar. At the same time, it can prevent the cracks in the direction perpendicular to the stressed steel bar due to the shrinkage and temperature change of the concrete. It belongs to the structural steel bar. (To satisfy the structural requirements, for various factors that are not easy to calculate and are not taken into account, the steel bars set up are structural steel bars.)

　　3.箍筋

　　3. stirrups

　　用來(lái)滿足斜截面抗剪強(qiáng)度，并聯(lián)結(jié)受拉主鋼筋和受壓區(qū)混凝土使其共同工作，此外，用來(lái)固定主鋼筋的位置而使梁內(nèi)各種鋼筋構(gòu)成鋼筋骨架的鋼筋。是梁和柱抵抗剪力配置的環(huán)形（當(dāng)然有圓形的和矩形的）鋼筋，是口字形的，將上部和下部的鋼筋固定起來(lái)，同時(shí)抵抗剪力。

　　It is used to satisfy the shear strength of oblique section and to connect the tension main steel bar and the concrete in compression zone to work together. In addition, it is used to fix the position of the main steel bar and make the various steel bars in the beam form the steel bar skeleton. It is a circular (circular and rectangular) steel bar with shear resistance of beams and columns. It is an oral shape. It fixes the upper and lower steel bars and resists shear at the same time.

　　4.架立筋

　　4. vertical reinforcement

　　是梁上部的鋼筋，只起一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)作用，沒(méi)實(shí)質(zhì)意義，但在梁的兩端則上部的架立筋抵抗負(fù)彎距，不能缺少。（架立鋼筋設(shè)置在梁的受壓區(qū)外邊緣兩側(cè)，用來(lái)固定箍筋和形成鋼筋骨架。如受壓區(qū)配有縱向受壓鋼筋時(shí)，則可不再配置架立鋼筋。架立鋼筋的直徑與梁的跨度有關(guān)。）

　　It is the steel bar on the upper part of the beam, which only plays a structural role and has no substantial significance, but at both ends of the beam, the erecting bar on the upper part resists negative bending distance, which is indispensable. (The erecting steel bar is set on both sides of the outer edge of the compression zone of the beam to fix the stirrups and form the steel bar skeleton. If the compression area is equipped with longitudinal compression steel bar, erecting steel bar can be no longer equipped. The diameter of the erecting steel bar is related to the span of the beam.

　　5.貫通筋

　　5. through tendon

　　是指貫穿于構(gòu)件（如梁）整個(gè)長(zhǎng)度的鋼筋，中間既不彎起也不中斷，當(dāng)鋼筋過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)可以搭接或焊接，但不改變直徑。

　　It refers to the reinforcing bar that runs through the whole length of a member (such as a beam) without bending or interrupting. When the reinforcing bar is too long, it can be lapped or welded without changing the diameter.

　　架立筋和貫通筋有什么區(qū)別？

　　What is the difference between erecting tendons and perforating tendons?

　　在鋼筋布置上，架立鋼筋是布置本跨的1/3，也就是說(shuō)，本跨梁存在左右支座鋼筋。通長(zhǎng)鋼筋是全長(zhǎng)布置。架立筋起架立作用，一定的受壓作用，可以在一定程度上提高梁的承載力。

　　In the arrangement of reinforcing bars, erecting reinforcing bars are 1/3 of the span, that is to say, there are left and right support reinforcing bars in the span beam. The long reinforcement bar is the long layout. The erecting reinforcement acts as a erecting force and has a certain compressive effect, which can improve the bearing capacity of the beam to a certain extent.

　　貫通筋是指貫穿于構(gòu)件（如梁）整個(gè)長(zhǎng)度的鋼筋，中間既不彎起也不中斷，當(dāng)鋼筋過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)可以搭接或焊接，但不改變直徑。貫通筋既可以是受力鋼筋，也可以是架力鋼筋。架力筋也有貫通的，如規(guī)范中規(guī)定在梁上部?jī)蓚?cè)的架力筋必須是貫通的，此時(shí)的架力筋在支座處也可承擔(dān)一部份負(fù)彎矩。

　　The through bar refers to the reinforcing bar that runs through the whole length of a member (such as a beam) without bending or interrupting. When the reinforcing bar is too long, it can be lapped or welded without changing the diameter. The through bar can be either a force steel bar or a frame steel bar. For example, in the code, the stiffeners on both sides of the upper part of the beam must be through. At this time, the stiffeners can also bear some negative bending moments at the support.

　　如果在梁的上下都有通長(zhǎng)的鋼筋，一般在梁上（受壓區(qū)）且直徑較小的是架力筋，在梁下的是都受力鋼筋。

　　If there are long reinforcing bars above and below the beam, generally in the beam (compression zone) and the diameter of the smaller is the frame reinforcement, under the beam are all stressed steel bars.

　　6.負(fù)筋

　　6. negative reinforcement

　　就是負(fù)彎矩鋼筋，彎矩的定義是下部受拉為正，而梁板位置的上層鋼筋在支座位置根據(jù)受力一般為上部受拉，也就是承受負(fù)彎矩，所以叫負(fù)彎矩鋼筋。（支座有負(fù)筋,是相對(duì)而言的,一般應(yīng)該是指梁的支座部位用以抵消負(fù)彎矩的鋼筋，俗稱擔(dān)擔(dān)筋。一般結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件受力彎矩分正彎矩和負(fù)彎矩,抵抗負(fù)彎矩所配備的鋼筋稱為負(fù)筋,一般指板、梁的上部鋼筋，有些上部配置的構(gòu)造鋼筋習(xí)慣上也稱為負(fù)筋。當(dāng)梁、板的上部鋼筋通長(zhǎng)時(shí)，大家也習(xí)慣地稱之為上部鋼筋，梁或板的面筋就是負(fù)筋）。

　　The definition of bending moment is that the lower part of the steel bar is tensioned positive, while the upper part of the beam and slab position is generally tensioned on the upper part of the support seat according to the force, that is, to bear negative bending moment, so it is called negative bending moment steel bar. (Bearing with negative reinforcement, is relatively speaking, should generally refer to the support part of the beam to offset negative bending moment of the reinforcement, commonly known as load-bearing reinforcement. The bending moment of general structural members can be divided into positive moment and negative moment. The steel bars equipped to resist negative moment are called negative bars. The upper bars of finger plates and beams are generally referred to as negative bars. When the upper reinforcing bars of beams and slabs are long, they are also customarily referred to as the upper reinforcing bars, and the gluten of beams or slabs is the negative reinforcing bars.

　　7.拉結(jié)筋

　　7. tie bars

　　在無(wú)法同時(shí)施工的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)構(gòu)件之間預(yù)留的起拉結(jié)作用的鋼筋就是拉結(jié)筋 。是加強(qiáng)框架填充墻與柱連結(jié)的受力鋼筋，提高了填充墻穩(wěn)定性和抗震能力。

　　Tensile reinforcement is reserved between two or more components that cannot be constructed at the same time. It is a reinforced bar that strengthens the connection between frame filled wall and column, and improves the stability and seismic capacity of filled wall.

　　8.腹筋

　　8. web reinforcement

　　一般位于梁兩側(cè)中間部位而得來(lái)的，是梁中部構(gòu)造鋼筋,主要是因?yàn)橛械牧禾?，需要在箍筋中部加條連接筋 （梁側(cè)的縱向構(gòu)造鋼筋實(shí)際中又稱為腰筋）。在梁高450mm，就應(yīng)沿梁高兩側(cè)應(yīng)設(shè)腰筋，所以數(shù)量上就不會(huì)少于2根。腰筋的直徑小的直徑為10mm，間距不應(yīng)大于200mm，同時(shí)面積配筋率不應(yīng)小于百分之0.3，在梁兩側(cè)的縱向構(gòu)造鋼筋（腰筋）之間還要配置拉結(jié)鋼筋。 一般民用建筑的腰筋直徑用16和18就可以了，拉筋用圓8。

　　Generally located in the middle part of both sides of the beam, the structural steel bar in the middle of the beam is obtained, mainly because some beams are too high and need to add a connecting bar in the middle of the stirrup (the longitudinal structural steel bar in the side of the beam is also known as the waist bar in practice). In the 450mm beam height, waist reinforcement should be installed along both sides of the beam height, so the number will not be less than two. The minimum diameter of waist reinforcement should be 10 mm, the spacing should not be greater than 200 mm, and the reinforcement ratio of area should not be less than 0.3%. Tensile reinforcement bar should also be arranged between longitudinal structural reinforcement bar (waist reinforcement) on both sides of the beam. The diameter of waist tendons in general civil buildings should be 16 and 18, and the diameter of tension tendons should be 8.